Family Law

Talaq by husband — Section 7 MFLO procedure

طلاق — دفعہ 7

A husband can pronounce Talaq, but the divorce is not effective until he sends written notice to the Union Council and the iddat period of 90 days lapses.

Talaq-e-Tafweez — divorce by wife under delegated right

If the Nikah Nama Column 18 records that the husband has delegated the right of divorce, the wife can pronounce Talaq herself. The same s.7 notice procedure then applies.

Dissolution of Marriage Act 1939 — court-decreed grounds

A wife can sue for dissolution under the Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act 1939 on enumerated grounds. Different from Khula: here you allege fault rather than simply incompatibility.

Child custody (Hizanat) and visitation

بچوں کی حضانت

Default Hizanat rules under classical fiqh, modified by the Guardians and Wards Act 1890 and the welfare-of-minor principle that courts apply.

Maintenance — wife and children

نان و نفقہ

A wife is entitled to maintenance during marriage and iddat; children are entitled until majority (sons) or marriage (daughters). Sue in Family Court.

Nikah Nama — clause-by-clause guide

نکاح نامہ

The Nikah Nama is the single most consequential document in your married life. Read every column before signing.

Dowry recovery (jahez)

Under the Dowry & Bridal Gifts Act 1976 and case law, jahez articles remain the wife's exclusive property and must be returned on demand.

Inheritance under Muslim personal law

وراثت

Pakistani Muslims inherit under classical fiqh shares (Faraid). Christians, Hindus, Parsis follow their respective personal laws.